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| Grâce à cette revue prestigieuse Time Magazine, on en sait un peu plus sur le démarrage de l'usine de fabrication du papier à cigarette sur le sol américain en 1939-40, avec l'aide financière de l'entreprise Bolloré. Et en feuilletant le bulletin de liaison de cette usine Ecusta, on a quelques anecdotes sur les cahiers O.C.B. et on découvre même des photos des jeunes héritiers Bolloré, leur père étant décédé en 1935. | | Grâce à cette revue prestigieuse Time Magazine, on en sait un peu plus sur le démarrage de l'usine de fabrication du papier à cigarette sur le sol américain en 1939-40, avec l'aide financière de l'entreprise Bolloré. Et en feuilletant le bulletin de liaison de cette usine Ecusta, on a quelques anecdotes sur les cahiers O.C.B. et on découvre même des photos des jeunes héritiers Bolloré, leur père étant décédé en 1935. |
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| + | Ecusta, à l'origine un nom indien Cherokee qui signifie « <i>cascade d'eau</i> », est le lieu dépendant de la ville Brevard et du dumaine naturel de Pisgash Forest où en 1939, entre Greenville (Michelin) et d'Asheville, un industriel d'orgine allemagne a lancé la construction d'une gigantesque usine de fabrication de paper à cigarette. |
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- | [[Image:EcustaMichelBolloré1950.jpg|center|400px|thumb|The Echo, 05.1950, Friends visit Ecusta, "Mr. and Mrs. Michel Bollore and Mr. Jacques Thube of Papeteries Bollore"]] | + | [[Image:EcustaMichelBolloré1950.jpg|center|400px|thumb|The Echo, 05.1950, Friends visit Ecusta, "Mr. and Mrs. Michel Bollore and Mr. Jacques Thube <ref name="JacquesThubé">{{PR-JacquesThubé}}</ref> of Papeteries Bollore"]] |
| [[Image:EcustaGwenaellBolloré1947.jpg|center|400px|thumb|The Echo, 08.1947, French visitors, "... Beside him is Gwennael Bollore who spent several months at Ecusta ..."]] | | [[Image:EcustaGwenaellBolloré1947.jpg|center|400px|thumb|The Echo, 08.1947, French visitors, "... Beside him is Gwennael Bollore who spent several months at Ecusta ..."]] |
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| + | French Visitors |
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| + | Shown above are two distinguished French visitors |
| + | who were guests here recently. |
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| + | On the right is Dr. Andre Soulas, well-known French |
| + | surgeon. While in America, he attended a medical con |
| + | ference in Atlantic City where he delivered an address |
| + | that received considerable favorable comment. Dr. Soulas visited America some 18 years ago where he studied |
| + | with the late Dr. Chevalier Jackson, Sr., world renowned broncho-scopist. |
| + | |
| + | Beside him is Gwennael Bollore who spent several |
| + | months at Ecusta where he studied modern American |
| + | methods in the manufacture of cigarette paper. Mr. |
| + | Bollore’s family has manufactured cigarette and other |
| + | fine papers in Brittany, France for over 100 years. |
| {{FinCitation}} | | {{FinCitation}} |
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| + | Des visiteurs français |
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| + | Sur la photo ci-dessus on peut voir deux illustres visteurs de France qui furent nos hôtes récemment. |
| + | |
| + | Sur la droite, le docteur André Soulas, chirurgien reconnu. |
| + | En déplacement aux US pour un congrès médical il a délivré une conférence qui a eu un succès notoire. |
| + | Le docteur Soulas était déjà venu en Amérique il y a 18 ans quand il était étudiant auprès du docteur Chevalier Jackson, spécialiste international des bronches. |
| + | |
| + | À ses côtés, Gwennael Bolloré qui a déjà passé quelques mois à Educta quand il étudiait les méthodes modernes |
| + | de fabrication de papier à cigarettes. |
| + | La famille de M. Bolloré a fabriqué du papier à cigarettes et autres papiers minces en Bretagne (France) pendant plus de 100 ans. |
| {{FinCitation}} | | {{FinCitation}} |
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- | | + | Jacques Thube <ref name="JacquesThubé">{{PR-JacquesThubé}}</ref> |
| {{FinCitation}} | | {{FinCitation}} |
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2.1 IN ENGLISH
Time Magazine, vol XXXV, april 1940, p. 74
Manufacturing. Domestic Cigaret Paper.
German-born Harry Hans Straus wears the red ribbon of the Legion of Honor on lapel, like most successful French businessmen. He got it in 1937 for building the French cigaret-paper industry big enough to take over the business Austria had had before World War I.
§ By the time Harry Straus was dubbed Chevalier ...
By the time Harry Straus was dubbed Chevalier, some 26 French paper plants were furnishing 75% of the paper used in U. S.-made cigarets. Seeing another world war ahead. Paperman Straus was then already deep in plans to move a big piece of France's new industry west again—to the U. S.
Last week before the National Farm Chemurgic Conference in Chicago, big, balding Harry Straus rose to report on cigaret paper's newest move, to the broad Davidson River plain in the timber-clad Toxaway mountains 30 miles southwest of Asheville. N. C. There, on the day Britain and France declared war on Nazi Germany, his Ecusta Paper Corp. turned out its first bobbin of cigaret paper. There the 17-building plant of Ecusta today runs 24 hours a day, employs 900 workmen, turns out some 50% of U. S.-made cigaret paper.
Like Ecusta other U.S. tissue manufacturers, such as Peter J. Schweitzer Inc. and Smith Paper Inc. hope to break France's cigaret-paper monopoly. Ecusta jumped from scratch to No. I position in the U.S. because Mr. Straus was able to pour around $4.000.000 into it. Part of the capital came from his own well-lined purse, part from his two French companies (Société Nouvelle des Papeteries de Champagne and R. Bolloré).
§ The rest was from substantial credits ...
The rest was from substantial credits from the Irving Trust Co. and whacking advances by the U. S. cigaret manufacturers, who put up $1,000,000 each. To them the advances were worthwhile as a hedge against possible wartime disruption of the French supply. But what interested the Chicago conference most last week was that Ecusta had made a short cut in technique, and (as Schweitzer and other tissuemen had done) made a new cash crop for farmers.
Until a few years ago linen rags were the only base for cigaret tissues. Then chemists made what seemed to many a layman an obvious discovery—that the rag stage could be bypassed and tissue could be made direct from flax. To U. S. flax farmers, principally in Minnesota, California and North Dakota, this means that Ecusta alone will take the crop from 75,000 to 100,000 acres. If other U. S. cigaret paper makers complete the switch from rag base to flax, farmers of another 75,000 to 100,000 acres will have found a market for their crop.
Last week in the close-mouthed tobacco business, best estimate was that since World War II began, domestic production of tissue had increased from 25% to 40% of the total bought by U. S. cigaret makers. With both Ecusta and Schweitzer about to double their plant capacity, by war's end the U. S. may have another complete new industry, reaching from farm to factory, with a manufacturers' gross of some $10,000,000 a year.
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2.2 EN FRANÇAIS
Time Magazine, vol XXXV, avril 1940, p. 74
Industrie. Papier à cigarette local.
Hans Harry Straus, natif d'Allemagne, porte le ruban rouge de la Légion d'Honneur sur le revers de sa veste, comme tous les entrepreneurs français qui ont réussi. Il l'a obtenue en 1937 pour avoir consolidé l'industrie de papier à cigarette français au même niveau que l'Autriche avant la 1ère guerre mondiale.
§ Au moment où Harry Straus était nommé Chevalier ...
Au moment où Harry Straus était nommé Chevalier, ... some 26 French paper plants were furnishing 75% of the paper used in U. S.-made cigarets. Seeing another world war ahead. Paperman Straus was then already deep in plans to move a big piece of France's new industry west again—to the U. S.
Last week before the National Farm Chemurgic Conference in Chicago, big, balding Harry Straus rose to report on cigaret paper's newest move, to the broad Davidson River plain in the timber-clad Toxaway mountains 30 miles southwest of Asheville. N. C. There, on the day Britain and France declared war on Nazi Germany, his Ecusta Paper Corp. turned out its first bobbin of cigaret paper. There the 17-building plant of Ecusta today runs 24 hours a day, employs 900 workmen, turns out some 50% of U. S.-made cigaret paper.
A l'instar d'Ecusta les autres entreprises papetières américaines, comme Peter J. Schweitzer Inc. etSmith Paper Inc., aimeraient briser le monopole du papier à cigarette français. Ecusta est passé de rien à la 1ère position sur le marché américain du fait que Mr Straus a été capable d'y injecter environ 4.000.000 dollars. Une partie de ce capital a été fournie par ses propres deniers, une autre part de ses deux sociétés françaises (Société Nouvelle des Papeteries de Champagne et R. Bolloré).
§ Le reste provenait d'importants crédits ...
Le reste provenait d'importants crédits ... from the Irving Trust Co. and whacking advances by the U. S. cigaret manufacturers, who put up $1,000,000 each. To them the advances were worthwhile as a hedge against possible wartime disruption of the French supply. But what interested the Chicago conference most last week was that Ecusta had made a short cut in technique, and (as Schweitzer and other tissuemen had done) made a new cash crop for farmers.
Until a few years ago linen rags were the only base for cigaret tissues. Then chemists made what seemed to many a layman an obvious discovery—that the rag stage could be bypassed and tissue could be made direct from flax. To U. S. flax farmers, principally in Minnesota, California and North Dakota, this means that Ecusta alone will take the crop from 75,000 to 100,000 acres. If other U. S. cigaret paper makers complete the switch from rag base to flax, farmers of another 75,000 to 100,000 acres will have found a market for their crop.
Last week in the close-mouthed tobacco business, best estimate was that since World War II began, domestic production of tissue had increased from 25% to 40% of the total bought by U. S. cigaret makers. With both Ecusta and Schweitzer about to double their plant capacity, by war's end the U. S. may have another complete new industry, reaching from farm to factory, with a manufacturers' gross of some $10,000,000 a year.
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The Echo, feb. march 1940, French leave
French experts leave.
On December 29th the bugle of the French Republic called to colors five members of the French group who have been with us for a period of eight months.
January 6th saw Messrs Duca, R. Lebrun, Lenoir, Miguet and Viole on the train for New York accompanied by Madame Lebrun and Madame Duca.
§ From all indications ...
From all indications, shrouded
somewhat by the secrecy of the sailing date,
our friends departed January 17th aboard the
S/S "De Grasse".
Letters written by our friends
from New York before sailing
intimated that they were "in the
army now", being guests of the
French Government at a New York
Hotel somewhat regimented,
They stated, however, that they
had no complaints to register
and their few days in New York
were full of interesting tours.
At this writing we have yet
to receive confirmation of their
safe arrival in France.
It is the wish of all at
Ecusta that our friends reach
home safely and that they do
honor to the flag of democracy,
the flag of freedom and of France.
In February 20 the last group of
French paper experts who have been
at Ecusta left for New York to sail
to their home land. The party was
?le up of M. and Mme. Marius J.
Cartel, M. Pierre Gros, and M. Andre
Lenoir.
§ J. Cartel, of Troyes, France, a veteran ...
J. Cartel, of Troyes, France, a veteran
cigarette paper maker has been
director of Ste. Nouvelle de Papeteries
de Champagne for several years. M.
Cartel came to Brevard in April of
last year to supervise the opening
operations of the Ecusta Paper Corporation;
since the French method of
manufacturing cigarette paper is a
departively new industry in America.
The policies and methods of production
in the plant here were under the direction of
M. Cartel.
Mr. Gros, supervisor of the Beater
new machime rooms while here, is
remedly an outstanding expert in the
such making cigarette
maker. M. Lenoir, who was a tender
??? of the machines in France, assisted
M. Gros in the machine room
at Ecusta.
The party from Ecusta sailed from
New York on February 24, aboard the
S/S Manhattan for France to serve
their mother country.
As the paper goes to press, we learn
in a cablegram from Mr. Cartel that
they arrived in Paris and in health.
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The Echo, février-mars 1940, départ des Français
Départ des experts français.
Le 9 décembre le clairon de la Republique Française a appelé sous les drapeaux cinq membres du groupe des français qui étaient parmi nous depuis huit mois.
Le 6 Janvier on a vu partir Messieurs Duca, R. Lebrun, Lenoir, Miguet et Viole dans le train à destination de New York accompagné par Madame Lebrun et Madame Duca.
§ De plusieurs sources ...
De plusieurs sources, quelque peu brouillées par le secret de leur date de départ en bateau, on sait que nos amis sont partis le 17 janvier à bord du Croiseur "De Grasse".
Letters written by our friends
from New York before sailing
intimated that they were "in the
army now", being guests of the
French Government at a New York
Hotel somewhat regimented,
They stated, however, that they
had no complaints to register
and their few days in New York
were full of interesting tours.
At this writing we have yet
to receive confirmation of their
safe arrival in France.
It is the wish of all at
Ecusta that our friends reach
home safely and that they do
honor to the flag of democracy,
the flag of freedom and of France.
Le 20 février le dernier groupe des experts papetiers français
qui étaient à Ecusta nous ont quitté pour New York pour
prendre un bateau vers leur patrie.
Le groupe était composé de M. et Mme Marius J. Cartel,
M. Pierre Gros et M. André Lenoir.
§ J. Cartel, de Troyes en France, un vétéran ...
J. Cartel, de Troyes en France, un vétéran
spécialiste en papier à cigrette fut directeur de la Société
Nouvelle de Papeteries
de Champagne pendant de plusieurs années.
M. Cartel came to Brevard in April of
last year to supervise the opening
operations of the Ecusta Paper Corporation;
since the French method of
manufacturing cigarette paper is a
departively new industry in America.
The policies and methods of production
in the plant here were under the direction of
M. Cartel.
Mr. Gros, supervisor of the Beater
new machime rooms while here, is
remedly an outstanding expert in the
such making cigarette
maker. M. Lenoir, who was a tender
??? of the machines in France, assisted
M. Gros in the machine room
at Ecusta.
The party from Ecusta sailed from
New York on February 24, aboard the
S/S Manhattan for France to serve
their mother country.
As the paper goes to press, we learn
in a cablegram from Mr. Cartel that
they arrived in Paris and in health.
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The Echo, 1940, 1942, 1946, O.C.B. booklets
May 1940
One girl asked another in the M.B.D.
is she was still cutting OCB papers.
She said why yes, can’t you tell by
looking at my eyes. What do you think
is a drunk.
December 1942
Louise S. is back on her old job cut
ting O.C.B. Without that black paper
Louise would feel lost . . .
September 1946
The most outstanding cigarette
booklet of the month is O.C.B.
It's full of headaches.
November 1946
L. C., what’s the speed limit
these days? You must have thought
you were running the O.C.B. machine. Just go a little faster and
maybe they won’t see you go by !
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The Echo, 1940, 1942, 1946, cahiers O.C.B.
Mai 1940
Une fille demanda à une autre à la M.B.D.
si elle était à la découpeuse du papier O.C.B..
Elle répondit "oui pourquoi, ne ne vois-tu pas
à mes yeux. Comment est quelqu'un de saoul,
d'après toi ?
Décembre 1942
Louise S. est de retour à son ancien poste
de découpe O.C.B. Sans son papier noir
Louise est perdue . . .
Septembre 1946
Le cahier de papier à cigarettes qui est à
l'honneur ce mois, c'est l'O.C.B.
Bonjour les maux de têtes.
Novembre 1946
L. C., quelle est la vitesse maxi ces jours-ci ?
Tu as certainement rêvé que tu conduisais la machine Bolloré.
Vas-y un peu plus vite et sans doute qu'ils ne te verront pas partir.
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The Echo, August 1947, Gwennael Bollore
French Visitors
Shown above are two distinguished French visitors
who were guests here recently.
On the right is Dr. Andre Soulas, well-known French
surgeon. While in America, he attended a medical con
ference in Atlantic City where he delivered an address
that received considerable favorable comment. Dr. Soulas visited America some 18 years ago where he studied
with the late Dr. Chevalier Jackson, Sr., world renowned broncho-scopist.
Beside him is Gwennael Bollore who spent several
months at Ecusta where he studied modern American
methods in the manufacture of cigarette paper. Mr.
Bollore’s family has manufactured cigarette and other
fine papers in Brittany, France for over 100 years.
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The Echo, Août 1947, Gwennael Bollore
Des visiteurs français
Sur la photo ci-dessus on peut voir deux illustres visteurs de France qui furent nos hôtes récemment.
Sur la droite, le docteur André Soulas, chirurgien reconnu.
En déplacement aux US pour un congrès médical il a délivré une conférence qui a eu un succès notoire.
Le docteur Soulas était déjà venu en Amérique il y a 18 ans quand il était étudiant auprès du docteur Chevalier Jackson, spécialiste international des bronches.
À ses côtés, Gwennael Bolloré qui a déjà passé quelques mois à Educta quand il étudiait les méthodes modernes
de fabrication de papier à cigarettes.
La famille de M. Bolloré a fabriqué du papier à cigarettes et autres papiers minces en Bretagne (France) pendant plus de 100 ans.
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The Echo, March 1948, Monsieur Cartel
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The Echo, Mars 1948, Monsieur Cartel
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The Echo, September 1949, Harry H. Straus
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The Echo, Septembre 1949, Harry H. Straus
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The Echo, May 1950, Mr and Mrs Michel Bollore
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The Echo, Mai 1950 M. and Mme Michel Bolloré
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